Black stone is the most fitting material for depictions of Mahakala, the “Great Black One.” In this finely carved early Tibetan example the bulky wrathful deity is squatting on a lotus pedestal with wide petals. His head and body are massive and his legs extremely muscular. The magic wooden gong supported by both arms is extremely prominent. Behind the head a scarf forms an elegant bow, a feature that is characteristic of early depictions of wrathful deities with strong Nepalese connections. Its shape resonates well with the busy border of flames.

Artwork Details

Title
Panjaranatha Mahakala
Dimensions
10 1/8 × 7 1/8 × 4 1/8 in. (Estimate - Base/Mout size: TBD)
Medium
Stone with pigments
Origin
Tibet
Classification(s)
sculpture
Date
15th century
Credit Line
Rubin Museum of Himalayan Art
Object number
C2002.10.2
HAR Number
65085
Published references
  • Rob Linrothe and Jeff Watt, Demonic Divine in Himalayan Art and Beyond (Rubin Museum of Art, Serindia Publications, 2004), 18, 68, 150–151, 269, 303, cat. no. 21.

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Ritual

Concepts

Prescribed practices that carry symbolic meaning and value within a specific tradition and are intended to attain a desired outcome. Rituals are usually done as part of a ceremony or regular routine.

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Devotion

Concepts

A virtuous feeling and deep respect toward an authentic teaching, teacher, or path. Buddhists believe that expansive study, analysis, and meditation are essential steps for cultivating a healthy and enduring devotion.

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Wrathful Deities

Figure Type

Protectors of Buddhist teachings who destroy obstacles that impede the path to enlightenment. The more frightening and gruesome their appearance, the greater their power.

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Tibetan Regions

Region

Today, Tibetans primarily inhabit the Tibetan Plateau, situated between the Himalayan mountain range and the Indian subcontinent to the west, Chinese cultural regions to the east, and Mongolian cultural regions to the northeast. During the 7th to 9th century, Tibetan rulers expanded their empire across Central Asia, and established Buddhism as the state religion.

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