Legendary men and women called mahasiddhas, or great spiritually accomplished ones, are considered to be among the first teachers of Tantric Buddhist practices. Usually of ordinary occupations, such as wandering monk, weaver, or farmer, they are often depicted in various yogic positions, flying or dancing, wearing little or no clothing, drinking alcohol, and consorting with members of the opposite sex. In their wide variety and unconventional behavior the mahasiddhas exemplify Tantric Buddhist practices, which offer many paths to realization. They are celebrated as real people who embodied enlightenment through Tantric practice.The Indian siddha depicted here in an active posture is known for his many yogic feats. It is said that he could manifest his body in many places at the same time and live in many bodily forms in widely disparate lands simultaneously.

Artwork Details

Title
Mahasiddha Jalandhara
Dimensions
9 1/2 × 5 3/4 × 3 3/4 in. (estimated)
Medium
Copper alloy
Origin
Tibet
Classification(s)
sculpture
Date
ca. 16th century
Credit Line
Rubin Museum of Himalayan Art
Object number
C2003.13.4
HAR Number
65218
Published references
* Wellcome Collection, Tibet's Secret Temple: Body, Mind and Meditation in Tantric Buddhism. London: Wellcome Collection, 2015-2016. Pp. 16-17. * Linrothe, Rob. Holy Madness: Portraits of Tantric Siddhas. New York: Rubin Museum of Art; Chicago: Serindia Publications, 2006. Catalog No.68; Pp. 336, 337, 340, 341, 409.* Weldon, David, and Jane Casey. The Faces of Tibet: The Wesley and Carolyn Halpert Collection New York: Carlton Rochell Ltd, 2003. Cat. No. 27Rhie, Marylin M. and Robert A.F. Thurman. Wisdom and Compassion: The Sacred Art of Tibet (1997), p. 59.* Van Alphen, J. Collection Highlights: Rubin Museum of Art. New York: Rubin Museum of Art, 2014. Pp. 242-243* Ramos, Imma. Tantra: Enlightenment to Revolution. London: Thames & Hudson in collaboration with the British Museum, 2020. pp 124-125, Fig. 86.* Indian, Himalyan and Southeast Asian Works of Art: New York Sale 22 September 2021. Christie's New York: 2021.

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Lineage

Concepts

The transmission of teachings from one generation to the next, from teacher to student, traced all the way back to the Buddha without interruption. A complete lineage is essential in Tantric Buddhist practices as it makes the blessings of the teaching more powerful.

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Tantrism

Concepts

A religious movement that originated in India around the fifth to seventh century with sacred writings and esoteric teachings and practices transmitted from teacher to student through initiation. These remain an important part of Hinduism and Buddhism today. 

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Legendary and Historical Humans

Figure Type

Himalayan art includes portraits of legendary and historical humans, including accomplished religious teachers (lamas), the Buddha’s original disciples (arhats), and spiritually accomplished tantric masters (mahasiddhas).

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Tibetan Regions

Region

Today, Tibetans primarily inhabit the Tibetan Plateau, situated between the Himalayan mountain range and the Indian subcontinent to the west, Chinese cultural regions to the east, and Mongolian cultural regions to the northeast. During the 7th to 9th century, Tibetan rulers expanded their empire across Central Asia, and established Buddhism as the state religion.

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